Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

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dc.contributor.affiliationDepartment of Psychoimmunology, National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramon de la Fuente”, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Mexico City, DF, Mexicoes_ES
dc.contributor.emaillkuriaki@imp.edu.mxes_ES
dc.creatorHernandez, María Eugenia
dc.creatorMendieta, Danelia
dc.creatorPérez-Tapia, Mayra
dc.creatorBojalil, Rafael
dc.creatorEstrada-Garcia, Iris
dc.creatorEstrada-Parra, Sergio
dc.creatorPavón, Lenin
dc.creator.identificadorHEGE630202MDFRTG02>Hernandez, María Eugeniaes_ES
dc.creator.identificadorhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-6868>Pavon, Lenines_ES
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-29T03:46:39Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-27T14:32:46Z
dc.date.available2017-06-29T03:46:39Z
dc.date.issued2013es_ES
dc.date.published2013es_ES
dc.description.abstractotrodiomaMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric illness that presents as a deficit of serotonergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system. MDD patients also experience alterations in cortisol and cytokines levels. Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is the first-line antidepressant regimen for MDD. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a combination of SSRIs and an immunomodulator—human dialyzable leukocyte extract (hDLE)—on cortisol and cytokines levels. Patients received SSRIs or SSRIs plus hDLE. The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, and IFN-γ; anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-13 and IL-10; and 24-h urine cortisol were measured at weeks (W) 0, 5, 20, 36, and 52 of treatment. The reduction in cortisol levels in the SSRI-treated group was 30% until W52, in contrast, the combined treatment induced a 54% decrease at W36. The decline in cortisol in patients who were treated with SSRI plus hDLE correlated with reduction of anti-inflammatory cytokines and increases levels of proinflammatory cytokines at the study conclusion. These results suggest that the immune-stimulating activity of hDLE, in combination with SSRIs, restored the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance and cortisol levels in depressed patients versus those who were given SSRIs alone.es_ES
dc.identifier2664es_ES
dc.identifier.citationMercedes Simoni Nieveses_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.1155/2013/267871es_ES
dc.identifier.eissn1740-2530es_ES
dc.identifier.issn1740-2522es_ES
dc.identifier.organizacionInstituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñizes_ES
dc.identifier.paginacion1-11es_ES
dc.identifier.placeEgiptoes_ES
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1155/2013/267871es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3855951/es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.inprf.gob.mx/handle/123456789/4513
dc.identifier.volumen2013es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.relation2013 1-11p.es_ES
dc.relationversión del editores_ES
dc.relation.jnabreviadoCLIN DEV IMMUNOLes_ES
dc.relation.journalClinical and Development Immunologyes_ES
dc.rightsacceso cerradoes_ES
dc.subject.meshAdultes_ES
dc.subject.meshCytokines/bloodes_ES
dc.subject.meshCytokines/metabolismes_ES
dc.subject.meshDepressive Disorder, Major/drug therapyes_ES
dc.subject.meshDepressive Disorder, Major/metabolismes_ES
dc.subject.meshFemalees_ES
dc.subject.meshHumanses_ES
dc.subject.meshHydrocortisone/metabolismes_ES
dc.subject.meshHydrocortisone/urinees_ES
dc.subject.meshImmunologic Factors/administration and dosagees_ES
dc.subject.meshImmunologic Factors/therapeutic usees_ES
dc.subject.meshInflammation Mediators/bloodes_ES
dc.subject.meshInflammation Mediators/metabolismes_ES
dc.subject.meshMalees_ES
dc.subject.meshSerotonin Uptake Inhibitors/administration and dosagees_ES
dc.subject.meshSerotonin Uptake Inhibitors/therapeutic usees_ES
dc.subject.meshTreatment Outcomees_ES
dc.titleEffect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorderes_ES
dc.typeartículoes_ES

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