Browsing by Author "Lara, C."

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Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
(2007) Fayyad, J.; De Graaf, R.; Kessler, R.; Alonso, J.; Angermeyer, M.; Demyttenaere, K.; De Girolamo, G.; Haro, J. M.; Karam, E. G.; Lara, C.; Lepine, J. P.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Zaslavsky, A. M.; Jin, R.; permissions@rcpsych.ac.uk
Gender and the relationship between marital status and first onset of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders
(London : Cambridge University Press, 2010) Scott, K.M.; Wells, J.E.; Angermeyer, M.; Brugha, T.S.; Bromet, E.; Demyttenaere, K.; De Girolamo, G.; Gureje, O.; Haro, J.M.; Jin, R.; Nasser Karam, A.; Kovess, V.; Lara, C.; Levinson, D.; Ormel, J.; Posada-Villa, J.; Sampson, N.; Takeshima, T.; Zhang, M.; Kessler, R.C.; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand; kate.scott@otago.ac.nz
Prevalence, service use, and demographic correlates of 12-month DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Mexico: results from the Mexican National Comorbidity Survey
(CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA, 2005) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Borges, G.; Lara, C.; Benjet, C.; Blanco, J.; Fleiz, C.; Villatoro, J.; Rojas, E.; Zambrano, J.; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria, Dept Invest Epidemiol, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Calzada Mexico Xochimilco 101, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.; medinam@imp.edu.mx
Background. This paper describes the 12-month prevalence, severity and demographic correlates of 16 DSM-IV psychiatric disorders and service utilization in the Mexican urban population aged 18-65 years of age. This is representative of 75% of the national adult population. Method. The sample design was a strict probability selection scheme. The response rate was 76(.)6%. The World Mental Health Survey version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was installed on laptops and administered by lay interviewers. An international WHO task force carried out its translation into Spanish. Results. The 12-month prevalence of any disorder was 12(.)1%. The most common disorders were specific phobia (4(.)0%), major depressive disorder (3(.)7%) and alcohol abuse or dependence (2(.)2%). The 12-month prevalence of very severe disorders was 3(.)7% of which only 24% used any services. Age was the only variable associated with any 12-month disorder, with the younger more likely to report any disorder. Income was associated with severity, with low and low-average incomes more likely to report a 12-month disorder. Females were more likely to report a mood and anxiety disorder, but less likely to report a substance disorder. The group of separated/widowed/divoreed was more likely to report a mood and an impulse-control disorder. Conclusions. The results show that while psychiatric disorders are common in the Mexican population, very severe mental disorders are less common and there is extreme under-utilization of mental health services.
Prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
(AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA, 2004) Demyttenaere, K.; Bruffaerts, R.; Posada-Villa, J.; Gasquet, I.; Kovess, V.; Lepine, J.P.; Angermeyer, M.C.; Bernert, S.; De Girolamo, G.; Morosini, P.; Polidori, G.; Kikkawa, T.; Kawakami, N.; Ono, Y.; Takeshima, T.; Uda, H.; Karam, E.G.; Fayyad, J.A.; Karam, A.N.; Mneimneh, Z.N.; Medina-Mora, M.E.; Borges, G.; Lara, C.; De Graaf, R.; Ormel, J.; Gureje, O.; Shen, Y.C.; Huang, Y.Q.; Zhang, M.Y.; Alonso, J.; Haro, J.M.; Vilagut, G.; Bromet, E.J.; Gluzman, S.; Webb, C.; Kessler, R.C.; Merikangas, K.R.; Anthony, J.C.; Von Korff, M.R.; Wang, P.S.; Alonso, J.; Brugha, T.S.; Aguilar-Gaxiola, S.; Lee, S.; Heeringa, S.; Pennell, B.E.; Zaslavsky, A.M.; Ustun, T.B.; Chatterji, S.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard
Context Little is known about the extent or severity of untreated mental disorders, especially in less-developed countries. Objective To estimate prevalence, severity, and treatment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) mental disorders in 14 countries (6 less developed, 8 developed) in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative. Design, Setting, and Participants Face-to-face household surveys of 60463 community adults conducted from 2001-2003 in 14 countries in the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Main Outcome Measures The DSM-IV disorders, severity, and treatment were assessed with the WMH version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI), a fully structured, lay-administered psychiatric diagnostic interview. Results The prevalence of having any WMH-CIDI/DSM-IV disorder in the prior year varied widely, from 4.3% in Shanghai to 26.4% in the United States, with an interquartile range (IQR) of 9.1%-16.9%. Between 33.1% (Colombia) and 80.9% (Nigeria) of 12-month cases were mild (IQR, 40.2%-53.3%). Serious disorders were associated with substantial role disability. Although disorder severity was correlated with probability of treatment in almost all countries, 35.5%.to 50.3% of serious cases in developed countries and 76.3% to 85.4% in less-developed countries received no treatment in the 12 months before the interview. Due to the high prevalence of mild and subthreshold cases, the number of those who received treatment far exceeds the number of untreated serious cases in every country. Conclusions Reallocation of treatment resources could substantially decrease the problem of unmet need for treatment of mental disorders among serious cases. Structural barriers exist to this reallocation. Careful consideration needs to be given to the value of treating some mild cases,. especially those at risk for progressing to more serious disorders.
Substance misuse disguised as ADHD? Authors' reply
(ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2007) Kessler, R.C.; Fayyad, J.; Karam, E.G.; Alonso, J.; Demyttenaere, K.; Haro, J.M.; Lara, C.; Lepine, J.P.; Zaslavsky, A.M.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, 180 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
The burden of affective disorders in Mexico
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2004) Medina-Mora, M.E.; Borges, G.; Lara, C.; Natl Inst Psychiat, Calzada Mexico Xochimilco 101 san Lorenzo Huipulc, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.; medinam@imp.edu.mx