Browsing by Author "Browne, Mark Oakley"

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Age of onset and lifetime projected risk of psychotic experiences: cross-national data from the World Mental Health Survey
(Oxford University Press, 2016) McGrath, John J.; Saha, Sukanta; Al-Hamzawi, Ali O.; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Browne, Mark Oakley; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Caldas de Almeida, Jose M. ; Fayyad, John; Florescu, Silvia; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Gureje, Oye; Hu, Chiyi; Jonge, Peter de; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lepine, Jean Pierre; Lim, Carmen C. W.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Piazza, Maria; Sampson, Nancy; Posada-Villa, José; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia; j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au
Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
(ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2010) Levinson, Daphna; Lakoma, Matthew D.; Petukhova, María; Schoenbaum, Michael; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Angermeyer, Matthias; Borges, Guilherme; Bruffaerts, Ronny; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Gureje, Oye; Maria Haro, Josep; Hu, Chiyi; Karam, Aimee N.; Kawakami, Norito; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Browne, Mark Oakley; Okoliyski, Michail; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Viana, María Carmen; Williams, David R.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Background: Burden-of-illness data, which are often used in setting healthcare policy-spending priorities, are unavailable for mental disorders in most countries. Aims: To examine one central aspect of illness burden, the association of serious mental illness with earnings, in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. Method: The WMH Surveys were carried out in 10 high-income and 9 low- and middle-income countries. The associations of personal earnings with serious mental illness were estimated. Results: Respondents with serious mental illness earned on average a third less than median earnings, with no significant between-country differences (chi(2)(9)=5.5-8.1, P=0.5-0.79). These losses are equivalent to 0.3-0.8% of total national earnings. Reduced earnings among those with earnings and the increased probability of not earning are both important components of these associations: Conclusions: These results add to a growing body of evidence that mental disorders have high societal costs. Decisions about healthcare resource allocation should take these costs into consideration.
Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
(ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND, 2010) Levinson, Daphna; Lakoma, Matthew D.; Petukhova, María; Schoenbaum, Michael; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Angermeyer, Matthias; Borges, Guilherme; Bruffaerts, Ronny; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Gureje, Oye; Maria Haro, Josep; Hu, Chiyi; Karam, Aimee N.; Kawakami, Norito; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Browne, Mark Oakley; Okoliyski, Michail; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Viana, María Carmen; Williams, David R.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, 180 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA; kessler@hcp.med.harvard.edu
Cross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode
(BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND, 2011) Bromet, Evelyn; Andrade, Laura Helena; Hwang, Irving; Sampson, Nancy A.; Alonso, Jordi; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Demyttenaere, Koen; Hu, Chiyi; Iwata, Noboru; Karam, Aimee N.; Kaur, Jagdish; Kostyuchenko, Stanislav; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Levinson, Daphna; Matschinger, Herbert; Medina Mora, María Elena; Browne, Mark Oakley; Posada-Villa, José; Viana, María Carmen; Williams, David R.; Kessler, Ronald C.; SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychiat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; ebromet@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
Background: Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, yet epidemiologic data are not available for many countries, particularly low- to middle-income countries. In this paper, we present data on the prevalence, impairment and demographic correlates of depression from 18 high and low-to middle-income countries in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Methods: Major depressive episodes (MDE) as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DMS-IV) were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Data from 18 countries were analyzed in this report (n = 89,037). All countries surveyed representative, population-based samples of adults. Results: The average lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of DSM-IV MDE were 14.6% and 5.5% in the ten high-income and 11.1% and 5.9% in the eight low- to middle-income countries. The average age of onset ascertained retrospectively was 25.7 in the high-income and 24.0 in low- to middle-income countries. Functional impairment was associated with recency of MDE. The female: male ratio was about 2: 1. In high-income countries, younger age was associated with higher 12-month prevalence; by contrast, in several low-to middle-income countries, older age was associated with greater likelihood of MDE. The strongest demographic correlate in high-income countries was being separated from a partner, and in low- to middle-income countries, was being divorced or widowed. Conclusions: MDE is a significant public-health concern across all regions of the world and is strongly linked to social conditions. Future research is needed to investigate the combination of demographic risk factors that are most strongly associated with MDE in the specific countries included in the WMH.
Drop out from out-patient mental healthcare in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey initiative
(Royal College of Psychiatrists, British Journal of Psychiatry 17 Belgrave Square, London SW1X 8PG, England, 2013) Wells, J. Elisabeth; Browne, Mark Oakley; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Angermeyer, Matthias C.; Bouzan, Colleen; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Bunting, Brendan; Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Florescu, Silvia; Fukao, Akira; Gureje, Oye; Hinkov, Hristo Ruskov; Hu, Chiyi; Hwang, Irving; Karam, Elie G.; Kostyuchenko, Stanislav; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Liu, Zhaorui; Medina-Mora, Maria Elena; Nizamie, S. Hague; Posada-Villa, Jose; Sampson, Nancy A.; Stein, Dan J.; Viana, Maria Carmen; Kessler, Ronald C.; Univ Otago, Dept Publ Hlth & Gen Practice, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; elisabeth.wells@otago.ac.nz
Proportion of patients without mental disorders being treated in mental health services worldwide
(Cambridge University Press, 2015) Bruffaerts, Ronny; Posada-Villa, Jose; Al-Hamzawi, Obaid; Gureje, Oye; Huang, Yueqin; Hu, Chiyi; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Viana, Maria Carmen; Hinkov, Hristo Ruskov; Karam, Elie G.; Borges, Guilherme; Florescu, Silvia E.; Williams, David R.; Demyttenaere, Koen; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Matschinger, Herbert; Levinson, Daphna; Girolamo, Giovanni De; Ono, Yutaka; Graaf, Ron De; Browne, Mark Oakley; Bunting, Brendan; Xavier, Miguel; Haro, Josep Maria; Kessler, Ronald C.; Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum – KULeuven (UPC-KUL), Leuven, Belgium; ronny.bruffaerts@med.kuleuven.be
Subtyping social anxiety disorder in developed and developing countries
(Wiley-Liss, Div John Wiley & Sons Inc, 111 River ST, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA, 2010) Stein, Dan J.; Ruscio, Ayelet Meron; Lee, Sing; Petukhova, María; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura Helena; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn; Demyttenaere, Koen; Florescu, Silvia; De Girolamo, Giovanni; De Graaf, Ron; Gureje, Oye; He, Yanling; Hinkov, Hristo; Hu, Chiyi; Iwata, Noboru; Karam, Elie G.; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Matschinger, Herbert; Browne, Mark Oakley; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Williams, David R.; Kessler, Ronald C.; Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa; dan.stein@uct.ac.za
SAD and numerous outcomes (age-of-onset, persistence, severity, comorbidity, treatment) were examined. Additional analyses examined associations with number of performance fears Versus number of interactional fears. Results: Lifetime social fears are quite common in both developed (15.9%) and developing (14.3%) countries, but lifetime SAD is much more common in the former (6.1%) than latter (2.1%) countries. Among those with SAD, persistence, severity, comorbidity, and treatment have dose response relationships with number of social fears, with no clear nonlinearity in relationships that would support a distinction between generalized and non-generalized SAD. The distinction between performance fears and interactional fears is generally not important in predicting these same outcomes. Conclusion: No evidence is found to support subtyping SAD on the basis of either number of social fears or number of performance fears versus number of interactional fears. Depression and Anxiety 27:390-403, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The bidirectional associations between psychotic experiences and DSM-IV Mental Disorders
(American Psychiatric Association, 2016) McGrath, John J.; Saha, Sukanta; Al-Hamzawi, Ali; Andrade, Laura; Benjet, Corina; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Browne, Mark Oakley; Caldas de Almeida, Jose M.; Chiu, Wai Tat; Demyttenaere, Koen; Fayyad, John; Florescu, Silvia; Girolamo, Giovanni de; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Have, Margreet ten; Hu, Chiyi; Kovess-Masfety, Viviane; Lim, Carmen C.W.; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Sampson, Nancy; Posada-Villa, José; Kendler, Kenneth S.; Kessler, Ronald C.; From the Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia; j.mcgrath@uq.edu.au
The relation between multiple pains and mental disorders: Results from the World Mental Health Surveys
(Churchill Livingstone, Journal Production Dept, Robert Stevenson House, 1-3 Baxters Place, Leith Walk, Edinburgh EH1 3AF, Midlothian, Scotland, 2008) Gureje, Oye; Von Korff, Michael; Kola, Lola; Demyttenaere, Koen; He, Yanling; Posada-Villa, José; Lepine, Jean Pierre; Angermeyer, Matthias C.; Levinson, Daphna; De Girolamo, Giovanni; Iwata, Noboru; Karam, Aimee; Borges, Guilherme Luiz Guimaraes; De Graaf, Ron; Browne, Mark Oakley; Stein, Dan J.; Maria Haro, Josep; Bromet, Evelyn J.; Kessler, Ron C.; Alonso, Jordi; Univ Ibadan, Dept Psychiat, Ibadan, Nigeria; ogureje@comui.edu.ng