Browsing by Author "Bojórquez, Ietza"

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A review of eating disorders research in Mexico
(PSYCHOLOGY PRESS, 27 CHURCH RD, HOVE BN3 2FA, EAST SUSSEX, ENGLAND, 2007) Unikel, Claudia; Bojórquez, Ietza; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria, Dept Invest Epidemiol, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Calzada Mexico Xochimilco 101, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.; unikels@imp.edu.mx
The objective of this paper is to summarize research findings on eating disorders and the current state of the field in Mexico. Papers published in indexed journals and graduate dissertations were retrieved, using "eating disorders," "anorexia nervosa," "bulimia nervosa," "body image," "binge eating," "restrained eating," "weight and shape concern," and "dieting" as keywords. These were combined with the Boolean operator "AND" with "Mexico" and "Latin America." Findings are presented for epidemiology, the validity of assessment instruments, comorbidity, and risk factors. A national representative survey found a prevalence of 1.8% for bulimia nervosa, and no cases of anorexia nervosa. However, the lack of studies with confirmatory clinical interview and other national or regional representative samples makes it difficult to reach conclusions about the actual prevalence. A number of instruments for the detection of eating disorders and disordered eating have been validated for the Mexican population. The comorbidity of eating disorders in Mexico includes drug and alcohol abuse, obesity, and borderline personality disorder. Risk factors found included body weight and cultural pressure to be thin. Future lines of research should include epidemiological studies with representative samples and diagnosis confirmation, longitudinal studies, and the exploration of protective and risk factors specific to this population.
Factors associated with illegal substance use initiation among young students in Mexico City
(Wiley-Blackwell, Commerce Place, 350 Main ST, Malden 02148, MA USA, 2010) Bojórquez, Ietza; Fernández-Varela, Héctor; Gorab, Alicia; Solís, Cuauhtemoc; Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, General Directorate Med Serv, Mexico City, DF, Mexico; cuau_solis@hotmail.com
Introduction and Aims. To assess risk factors for illegal substances use initiation in a cohort of Mexican high-school teenage students. Design and Methods. Longitudinal study of a cohort of 10th grade students, with follow up at the time of their enrolment in college (3-4 year follow up). The associations of parental educational level, alcohol abuse in the family, employment status, experiences of physical and sexual aggression, sexual initiation, emotional distress and previous legal substance use at the baseline measurement, with the initiation of illegal substance use were explored. Results. The follow-up analysis was carried out in 21 616 at-risk students. The incidence of substance use initiation was 7%. Male gender (odds ratio 3.86, 95% confidence interval 3.45, 4.32), a higher father's education level, sexual initiation for women (odds ratio 2.67, 95% confidence interval 1.49, 4.79] and use of legal substances at baseline were associated with risk of substance use initiation. Discussion and Conclusions. The social circumstances surrounding adolescents influence their risk of illegal substance consumption. Although the complex network of factors affecting substance use requires further exploring, young people at risk can be identified and should receive preventive attention. [Bojorquez I, Fernandez-Varela H, Gorab A, Solis C. Factors associated with illegal substance use initiation among young students in Mexico City. Drug Alcohol Rev 2010].
Presence of disordered eating among Mexican teenage women from a semi-urban area: Its relation to the cultural hypothesis
(JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD, THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND, 2004) Bojórquez, Ietza; Unikel, Claudia; Inst Nacl Psiquiatria, Dept Invest Epidemiol, Direcc Invest Epidemiol & Psicosociales, Calzada Mexico Xochimilco 101, Mexico City 14370, DF, Mexico.; unikels@imp.edu.mx
The idea of culture as a risk factor for eating disorders has been supported by the higher frequencies of such disorders in the industrialized countries. In a non-urban area of the state of Michoacan, Mexico, we found elevated frequencies of dangerous eating behaviours among teenage girls. We used a checklist, previously employed in a survey of Mexico City teenagers, with a sample of 458 girls (mean age = 16.5 yr). We found that 27.9 per cent of them were seriously concerned about weighing too much, 14.3 per cent practised dieting or fasting in order to lose weight and 2.4 per cent binged and vomited. These percentages are higher than those of a sample of Mexico City girls. Nevertheless, we suggest that culture should still be considered a risk factor, and propose that a more precise definition of the term is needed in order to understand its effects upon the presence of disordered eating. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Problemas de salud mental en migrantes de retorno en situación de calle en Tijuana, Baja California
(Sociedad Mexicana de Demografía, A.C., 2014) Bojórquez, Ietza; Mejía, Silvia; Aguilera, Rosa M.; Cerecero, Diego; Albicker, Sandra; El Colegio de la Frontera Norte; ietzabch@colef.mx
Substance use among women attending primary healthcare community centers: a binational comparison for the development of brief intervention programs
(Springer, 2021) Natera, Guillermina; Gelberg, Lillian; Arroyo, Miriam; Andersen, Ronald M.; Orozco, Ricardo; Bojórquez, Ietza; Rico, Melvin W.; Department of Epidemiologic and Psychosocial Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.; naterar@imp.edu.mx (Guillermina Natera)