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A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

dc.creatorStephen S., Lim
dc.creatorVos, Theo
dc.creatorFlaxman, Abraham D.
dc.creatorDanaei, Goodarz
dc.creatorShibuya, Kenji
dc.creatorAdair-Rohani, Heather
dc.creatorAlMazroa, Mohammad A.
dc.creatorAmann, Markus
dc.creatorAnderson,  H. Ross
dc.creatorAndrews, Kathryn G.
dc.creatorAryee, Martin
dc.creatorAtkinson, Charles
dc.creatorBacchus, Loraine J.
dc.creatorBahalim, Adil N.
dc.creatorBalakrishnan, Kalpana
dc.creatorBalmes, John
dc.creatorBarker-Collo, Suzanne
dc.creatorBaxter, Amanda
dc.creatorBell, Michelle L.
dc.creatorBlore, Jed D.
dc.creatorBlyth, Fiona
dc.creatorBonner, Carissa
dc.creatorBorges, Guilherme
dc.creatorBourne, Rupert
dc.creatorBoussinesq, Michel
dc.creatorBrauer, Michael
dc.creatorBrooks, Peter
dc.creatorBruce, Nigel G.
dc.creatorBrunekreef, Bert
dc.creatorBryan-Hancock, Claire
dc.creatorBucello, Chiara
dc.creatorBuchbinder, Rachelle
dc.creatorBull, Fiona
dc.creatorBurnett, Richard T.
dc.creatorByers, Tim E.
dc.creatorCalabria, Bianca
dc.creatorCarapetis, Jonathan
dc.creatorCarnahan, Emily
dc.creatorChafe, Zoe
dc.creatorCharlson, Fiona
dc.creatorChen, Honglei
dc.creatorShen Chen, Jian
dc.creatorTai-Ann Cheng, Andrew
dc.creatorChild, Jennifer Christine
dc.creatorCohen, Aaron
dc.creatorColson, K. Ellicott
dc.creatorCowie, Benjamin C.
dc.creatorDarby, Sarah
dc.creatorDarling, Susan
dc.creatorDavis, Adrian
dc.creatorDegenhardt, Louisa
dc.creatorDentener, Frank
dc.creatorDes Jarlais, Don C.
dc.creatorDevries, Karen
dc.creatorDherani, Mukesh
dc.creatorDing, Eric
dc.creatorDorsey, L. E. Ray
dc.creatorDriscoll, Tim
dc.creatorEdmond, Karen
dc.creatorAli, Suad Eltahir
dc.creatorEngell, Rebecca E.
dc.creatorErwin, Patricia J.
dc.creatorFahimi, Saman
dc.creatorFalder, Gail
dc.creatorFarzadfar, Farshad
dc.creatorFerrari, Alize
dc.creatorFinucane, Mariel M.
dc.creatorFlaxman, Seth
dc.creatorFowkes, Francis Gerry R.
dc.creatorFreedman, Greg
dc.creatorFreeman, Michael K.
dc.creatorGakidou, Emmanuela
dc.creatorGhosh, Santu
dc.creatorGiovannucci, Edward
dc.creatorGmel, Gerhard
dc.creatorGraham, Kathryn
dc.creatorGrainger, Rebecca
dc.creatorGrant, Bridget
dc.creatorGunnell, David
dc.creatorGutierrez, Hialy R.
dc.creatorHall, Wayne
dc.creatorHoek, Hans W.
dc.creatorHogan, Anthony H.
dc.creatorHosgood III, Dean
dc.creatorHoy, Damian
dc.creatorHu, Howard
dc.creatorHubbell, Bryan J.
dc.creatorHutchings, Sally J.
dc.creatorIbeanusi, Sydney E.
dc.creatorJacklyn, Gemma L.
dc.creatorJasrasaria, Rashmi
dc.creatorJonas, Jost B.
dc.creatorKan, Haidong
dc.creatorKanis, John A.
dc.creatorKassebaum, Nicholas
dc.creatorKawakami, Norito
dc.creatorKhang, Young-Ho
dc.creatorKhatibzadeh, Shahab
dc.creatorKhoo, Jon-Paul
dc.creatorKok, Cindy
dc.creatorLaden, Francine
dc.creatorLalloo, Ratilal
dc.creatorLan, Qing
dc.creatorLathlean, Tim
dc.creatorLeasher, Janet L.
dc.creatorLeigh, James
dc.creatorLi, Yang
dc.creatorKent Lin, John
dc.creatorLipshultz, Steven E.
dc.creatorLondon, Stephanie
dc.creatorLozano, Rafael
dc.creatorLu, Yuan
dc.creatorMak, Joelle
dc.creatorMalekzadeh, Reza
dc.creatorMallinger, Leslie
dc.creatorMarcenes, Wagner
dc.creatorMarch, Lyn
dc.creatorMarks, Robin
dc.creatorMartin
dc.creatorMcGale, Randall  Paul
dc.creatorMcGrath, John
dc.creatorMehta, Sumi
dc.creatorMemish, Ziad A.
dc.creatorMensah, George A.
dc.creatorMerriman, Tony R.
dc.creatorMicha, Renata
dc.creatorMichaud, Catherine
dc.creatorMishra, Vinod
dc.creatorMohd Hanafi ah, Khayriyyah
dc.creatorMokdad,  Ali A.
dc.creatorMorawska, Lidia
dc.creatorMozaff arian, Darius
dc.creatorMurphy, Tasha
dc.creatorNaghavi, Mohsen
dc.creatorNeal, Bruce
dc.creatorNelson, Paul K.
dc.creatorNolla, Joan Miquel
dc.creatorNorman, Rosana
dc.creatorOlives, Casey
dc.creatorOmer, Saad B.
dc.creatorOrchard, Jessica
dc.creatorOsborne, Richard
dc.creatorOstro, Bart
dc.creatorPage, Andrew
dc.creatorPandey, Kiran D.
dc.creatorParry, Charles D. H.
dc.creatorPassmore, Erin
dc.creatorPatra, Jayadeep
dc.creatorPearce, Neil
dc.creatorPelizzari, Pamela M.
dc.creatorPetzold, Max
dc.creatorPhillips, Michael R.
dc.creatorPope, Dan C.
dc.creatorPope III, Arden
dc.creatorPowles, John
dc.creatorRao, Mayuree
dc.creatorRazavi, Homie
dc.creatorRehfuess, Eva A.
dc.creatorRehm, Jürgen T.
dc.creatorRitz, Beate
dc.creatorRivara, Frederick P.
dc.creatorRoberts, Thomas
dc.creatorRobinson, Carolyn
dc.creatorRodriguez-Portales, Jose A.
dc.creatorRomieu, Isabelle
dc.creatorRoom, Robin
dc.creatorRosenfeld, Lisa C.
dc.creatorRoy, Ananya
dc.creatorRushton, Lesley
dc.creatorSalomon, Joshua A.
dc.creatorSampson, Uchechukwu
dc.creatorSanchez-Riera, Lidia
dc.creatorSanman, Ella
dc.creatorSapkota, Amir
dc.creatorSeedat, Soraya
dc.creatorShi, Peilin
dc.creatorShield, Kevin
dc.creatorShivakoti, Rupak
dc.creatorSingh, Gitanjali M.
dc.creatorSleet, David A.
dc.creatorSmith, Emma
dc.creatorSmith, Kirk R.
dc.creatorStapelberg, Nicolas J. C.
dc.creatorSteenland, Kyle
dc.creatorStöckl, Heidi
dc.creatorStovner, Lars Jacob
dc.creatorStraif, Kurt
dc.creatorStraney, Lahn
dc.creatorThurston, George D.
dc.creatorTran, Jimmy H.
dc.creatorVan Dingenen, Rita
dc.creatorvan Donkelaar, Aaron
dc.creatorVeerman, J. Lennert
dc.creatorVijayakumar, Lakshmi
dc.creatorWeintraub, Robert
dc.creatorWeissman, Myrna M.
dc.creatorWhite, Richard A.
dc.creatorWhiteford, Harvey
dc.creatorWiersma, Steven T.
dc.creatorWilkinson, James D.
dc.creatorWilliams, Hywel C.
dc.creatorWilliams, Warwick
dc.creatorWilson, Nicholas
dc.creatorWoolf, Anthony D.
dc.creatorYip, Paul
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-29T03:40:52Z
dc.date.available2017-06-29T03:40:52Z
dc.date.issued2012es_ES
dc.identifier2503es_ES
dc.identifier.issn0140-6736es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.inprf.gob.mx/handle/123456789/4352
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8es_ES
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherLondon : J. Onwhyn London : Lancet Publishing Groupes_ES
dc.relation380(9859) 2224-2260p.es_ES
dc.relationversión del editores_ES
dc.rightsacceso cerradoes_ES
dc.subject.meshAdolescentes_ES
dc.subject.meshAdultes_ES
dc.subject.meshAge Factorses_ES
dc.subject.meshAgedes_ES
dc.subject.meshAged, 80 and overes_ES
dc.subject.meshChildes_ES
dc.subject.meshChild, Preschooles_ES
dc.subject.meshFemalees_ES
dc.subject.meshGlobal Healthes_ES
dc.subject.meshHumanses_ES
dc.subject.meshInfantes_ES
dc.subject.meshInfant, Newbornes_ES
dc.subject.meshMalees_ES
dc.subject.meshMiddle Agedes_ES
dc.subject.meshMortalityes_ES
dc.subject.meshQuality-Adjusted Life Yearses_ES
dc.subject.meshRisk Assessment/methodses_ES
dc.subject.meshRisk Factorses_ES
dc.subject.meshSex Factorses_ES
dc.subject.meshYoung Adultes_ES
dc.titleA comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010es_ES
dc.typeArtículoes_ES
dc.relation.jnabreviadoLANCETes_ES
dc.relation.journalLancetes_ES
dc.identifier.placeInglaterraes_ES
dc.date.published2012es_ES
dc.identifier.organizacionInstituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñizes_ES
dc.identifier.eissn1474-547Xes_ES
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8.es_ES
dc.description.monthDices_ES
dc.description.abstractotrodiomaBackground Quantifi cation of the disease burden caused by diff erent risks informs prevention by providing an account of health loss diff erent to that provided by a disease-by-disease analysis. No complete revision of global disease burden caused by risk factors has been done since a comparative risk assessment in 2000, and no previous analysis has assessed changes in burden attributable to risk factors over time. Methods We estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent eff ects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010. We estimated exposure distributions for each year, region, sex, and age group, and relative risks per unit of exposure by systematically reviewing and synthesising published and unpublished data. We used these estimates, together with estimates of cause-specifi c deaths and DALYs from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, to calculate the burden attributable to each risk factor exposure compared with the theoretical-minimum-risk exposure. We incorporated uncertainty in disease burden, relative risks, and exposures into our estimates of attributable burden. Findings In 2010, the three leading risk factors for global disease burden were high blood pressure (7·0% [95% uncertainty interval 6·2–7·7] of global DALYs), tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke (6·3% [5·5–7·0]), and household air pollution from solid fuels (4·3% [3·4–5·3]). In 1990, the leading risks were childhood underweight (7·9% [6·8–9·4]), household air pollution from solid fuels (HAP; 6·8% [5·5–8·0]), and tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke (6·1% [5·4–6·8]). Dietary risk factors and physical inactivity collectively accounted for 10·0% (95% UI 9·2–10·8) of global DALYs in 2010, with the most prominent dietary risks being diets low in fruits and those high in sodium. Several risks that primarily aff ect childhood communicable diseases, including unimproved water and sanitation and childhood micronutrient defi ciencies, fell in rank between 1990 and 2010, with unimproved water and sanitation accounting for 0·9% (0·4–1·6) of global DALYs in 2010. However, in most of sub-Saharan Africa childhood underweight, HAP, and non-exclusive and discontinued breastfeeding were the leading risks in 2010, while HAP was the leading risk in south Asia. The leading risk factor in Eastern Europe, Andean Latin America, and southern sub-Saharan Africa in 2010 was alcohol use; in most of Asia, most of Latin America, North Africa and Middle East, and central Europe it was high blood pressure. Despite declines, tobacco smoking including second-hand smoke remained the leading risk in high-income north America and western Europe. High body-mass index has increased globally and it is the leading risk in Australasia and southern Latin America, and also ranks high in other high-income regions, North Africa and Middle East, and Oceania. Interpretation Worldwide, the contribution of diff erent risk factors to disease burden has changed substantially, with a shift away from risks for communicable diseases in children towards those for non-communicable diseases in adults. These changes are related to the ageing population, decreased mortality among children younger than 5 years, changes in cause-of-death composition, and changes in risk factor exposures. New evidence has led to changes in the magnitude of key risks including unimproved water and sanitation, vitamin A and zinc defi ciencies, and ambient particulate matter pollution. The extent to which the epidemiological shift has occurred and what the leading risks currently are varies greatly across regions. In much of sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risks are still those associated with poverty and those that aff ect children.Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.es_ES


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